This income tax course focuses on the federal taxation of partnerships and S corporations. Also covered is the basic accounting structure of partnerships and S corporations.

Students examine U.S. law enforcement, the courts, and corrections in terms of history, crime measurements, responses to crime, and the role of the justice system in a pluralistic society. The responsibility of criminal justice personnel, legal process, and the structure and function of law enforcement, the courts, and corrections are examined. Students also explore origins and development of criminal law, crime causation, affirmative defenses, and sentencing and incarceration concepts.

Students analyze precepts of criminal law in the United States including legal systems, the courts, and general elements of crimes against persons, property, and public morals and welfare. The history and structure of law, affirmative criminal defenses, criminal culpability, and sentencing structures are examined. Students also analyze Constitutional Law in the context of landmark cases to interpret how precedent has impacted the U.S. justice system, the offender, and society.

Students analyze legal process in criminal proceedings from pre-arrest through appeal. Constitutional guidelines, interpretation of statutory and case law precedents, legal aspects of evidence, due process standards, and rules governing arrest and search and seizure are examined. Students also consider institutional responsibilities, process, and procedures of the U.S. justice system within a multicultural society.

The course introduces the concepts, methods of inquiry, and scientific explanation for biological evolution and their application to humans. It examines the evolution of human biology and behavior, theories of human origins, principle of evolution, genetics, human variation, bio-cultural adaptations, prehistoric humans, and primate behavior. The scientific method serves as the foundation for this course.

This laboratory course is designed for students to become familiar with the methods of biological anthropology while investigating topics in laboratory and field situations. Topics covered in the course include the scientific method, biological variation and forces of evolution, genetics, human osteology and variation, comparative osteology and behavior of primates, and fossil evidence for human evolution. Field trips may be required.

This course introduces the student to an overview of the field of social and cultural anthropology. Topics include the development of the field of anthropology, the concept of culture, language and communication, subsistence patterns and economic systems. Other topics covered are sex and marriage, family, kinship and descent, political systems, belief systems, the expressive culture and the challenge of globalization.

This is an introductory course to the appreciation of the visual arts drawn from a wide variety of media, cultures and time periods. Students will learn to analyze art forms in regards to the elements and principles of art, and will be introduced to various technical procedures and materials, allowing students to make connections regarding these formal attributes and the work's content or meaning. The function and communication of visual arts within societal contexts will also be examined.

This course is an illustrated survey of Western Art History from the Prehistoric through the Gothic periods. Course content emphasizes painting, sculpture, and architecture from important centers of Western culture, and how art reflects historical, social, political, and religious attitudes of the time. Presentation of the material is through lecture with projected images. Comparative analysis of styles and artists with critical evaluation of aesthetics will be included. Topics include Prehistoric, Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Early Christian, Romanesque, Byzantine, Medieval, and Gothic Art. Field trips may be required.

This course is an illustrated survey of Western Art History from the Renaissance through the present. Course content emphasizes painting, sculpture, and architecture from the most important centers of culture, and how art reflects historical, social, political, and religious attitudes of the time. Presentation of the material is through lecture with projected images. Comparative analysis of styles and artists with critical evaluation of aesthetics will be included. Topics include Early to High Renaissance, Mannerism, Baroque, Rococo, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, Post Impressionism, Fauvism, Cubism, Abstract Expressionism and Post-Modernism. Field trips may be required.

This illustrated history of Modern Art will explore a wide range of artworks, including painting, sculpture, design, architecture, and photography, from the 19th and 20th centuries. Major schools of Western artistic expression to be explored include: Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, Nabis, Symbolism, Expressionism, Cubism, Dada, Modernism, Social Realism, Abstract Expressionism, Op, Pop, New Realism, Surrealism, Futurism, Constructivism, and Feminism. Students will learn to evaluate art critically and will gain an understanding of how works of art serve to reflect the social, political, and philosophical ideas of the time. Field trips may be required.

This is an introductory science course for non-science majors covering topics of modern Astronomy. It highlights pivotal aspects in the history of Astronomy such as its distinction and further separation from Astrology. It lists the physical processes governing the origins of a star system and indicates the causes of the apparent motion of sky objects and cyclic sky events. The sources of periodical astronomical events such as phases of the moon, solar and lunar eclipses, meteor showers, and seasons are identified and related via the fundamental laws of physics. The astronomical tools of photometry and spectroscopy are introduced for their indispensable role in analysis towards the detection of planets around other stars, the investigation of dark matter and dark energy, and the ongoing search for extraterrestrial life. Additional topics include the origins of galaxies, large scale structure, and a full description of the Big Bang theory.

This course introduces students to biology using humans as the exemplary organism. It covers the scientific method, biological chemistry and molecules, cell structure, evolution and the biological relationship of humans to all organisms, common human pathogens, human organ systems, human genetics and biotechnology, and the effect of human interactions with the environment. The course is intended for non-science majors.

This is an introductory biology course for non-science majors. Topics covered include general principles and basic concepts of biology including the characteristics and classification of living systems, cells, metabolism, development, health, reproduction, genetics, evolution, and ecology.

This course discusses the importance of human heredity in our lives. Students will study the rapidly changing areas of human heredity including patterns of inheritance, specific genetic disorders, recombinant DNA and other genetic-based biotechnologies, the role of genetic counseling and genetic tests, reproductive therapies, and bioethics. This is a CSU/UC transferable general education life science course suitable for non-majors.

Students are introduced to cellular physiology and metabolism. Students study the physiological processes of the human body systems including nervous, endocrine, muscular, urinary, respiratory, sensory, digestive, cardiovascular and reproductive. Other topics include disease and the loss of homeostasis in the body. This course is designed for college degrees in nursing, physical and occupational therapy, and certain science and preprofessional majors.

General Microbiology covers the structure and activities of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, helminths, and algae. This course also covers principles of microbial control, metabolism, environmental microorganism genetics, genetic engineering, disease, modes of infection, and immunity. Emphasis is on aseptic laboratory technique, and the application of microbiology to human welfare.

This course introduces statistics with an emphasis on business applications. Students will learn how to collect, analyze, interpret, and present numerical data for the purpose of making more effective decisions. Topics include: collection and presentation of data, measures of central value and spread, probability, sampling and the sampling distribution of the sample average, estimation via confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, and regression and correlation. This course requires the use of quantitative skills acquired in intermediate algebra and finite math.

This course provides students with an understanding of basic principles of general and interpersonal communication. It enables them to develop better interpersonal effectiveness through discussion of both effective and ineffective communication techniques, emphasizing the practice of constructive interactive skills.

Students are taught the skills of speechmaking. Students focus on the following basic elements: rhetorical theory, researching, organizing and outlining a topic, analyzing an audience, effective use of language, ethics, effective presentation aids, critical listening, credibility, and physical delivery. Students will be required to attend speech activities outside of the classroom environment.

Students study communication transactions among members of differing cultures including definitions, perceptions, models, patterns, values, beliefs, customs, and attitudes that affect intercultural communication. Students will examine culture-specific modes of communication and identify factors that impede effective intercultural understanding.

This course provides students with an understanding of how to support intelligent decision making by using reasoned discourse. This course will covers instruction in logical analysis of modern controversies, the formulation of propositions for argument, construction of arguments, and application through discussion and debate. This course emphasizes the importance of competent advocacy in a free society.

Students study communication and decision making within the group context. Concepts such as group interaction; leadership, status and power; conflict and cohesiveness; rules and roles; verbal and nonverbal messages and problem-solving will be investigated.

This course is an introduction to basic computer programming concepts using both the procedural and an object-oriented paradigm. It is intended for non-computer science majors, and for students interested in COMSC 075 who would like a more gradual entry into computing fundamentals. Topics include hands-on practice with software engineering tools, simple programs, variables, control structures, functions, input/output, and introduction to abstraction. Specifications, adherence to style guidelines, and the importance of testing to ensure that programs are usable, robust, and modifiable, will be addressed throughout the course.

This course is an introduction to computer science using an object-oriented programming language. Students will write computer programs that include control structures, iteration, methods and argument passing, and classes. Problem solving, documentation, programming style, and program design and development are addressed throughout the course.

This course covers data abstraction and structures as well as associated algorithms for linear lists, stacks, queues, trees, and other linked structures, arrays, strings, and hash tables. Software engineering techniques are applied to the design and development of large programming projects in an object-oriented environment. Searching and sorting algorithms are also covered.

This course covers the C programming language for students who already know how to program. It includes computation, input and output, flow of control, functions, arrays, strings, pointers, linked structures, use of dynamic storage, and implementation of abstract data types. The course concludes with coverage of object-oriented programming in C++.

This course assists students with career/major selection. Students will identify personal interests, abilities, goals, values, and lifestyle preferences. Students will examine career trends and opportunities, employment outlook and the nature of today's workplace. Students will learn about personal and professional planning as it relates to careers through job search techniques, resume writing, interviewing, career building and realistic decision making.

Students will explore dance from an aesthetic, historic, and cultural point of view. Students will examine the elements of dance including body, space, time, and dynamic qualities and develop a vocabulary with which to analyze and write critically about dance. Dance will be explored in many of its genres including social dance, jazz dance, ballet, modern, and dance from cultures around the globe from historical and contemporary perspectives. Attendance at a live dance performance may be required.

Students will learn how to effectively implement instructional technology into an educational environment. Students will explore how Internet and online learning technology, combined with pedagogy, computer applications, digital media and web technology tools, can be used for teaching and learning.

Teaching online has some fundamental differences from teaching in a traditional classroom. This course introduces students to the foundations and practices at the heart of the differences. In this course, students will gain proficiency in the unique qualities and perspectives of online teaching, including ways to support the success of online students, how to lay a foundation for a productive learning community, and how to infuse a distinctive presence into the course. It will also walk students through the pertinent federal, state, and local regulations impacting online teaching, to set them on a path to designing successful online courses.

This course teaches the skills and knowledge necessary to create effective online learning environments using Canvas, a Course Management System (CMS). Students will explore examples of the Canvas content, learn to navigate the interface, add tools and content, and perform basic course management functions. This course also integrates the Course Design Rubric to train faculty how to not just build courses in the CMS, but how to build quality courses. Students will learn to customize their courses, focusing on course design, interaction and collaboration, assessment, and learner support. By the end of the course they should have an in depth understanding of Canvas tools and be ready to begin using this CMS for their classes.

This course provides an overview of accessibility within online courses, focusing on the skills needed to make your course both technically accessible and usable to a broad range of students. The course covers how to use online tools, including your course management system (CMS), to create accessible resources, to retrofit existing resources, and to curate new resources. The focal point of the course is learning how to use editors (both in your CMS and in common software, such as Microsoft Word) to enhance accessibility.

Open Education Resources (OER) are openly licensed for reuse, usually through a Creative Commons license, which allows them to be integrated into any type of learning environment, including being printed and bound. The purpose of this course is to help participants develop better workflows and streamline the process of integrating Open Education Resources into their course(s). This course is designed to demonstrate how to find, adapt, and use OER.

English 001A is the first course in a transfer level sequence (English 001A, 001B) designed to equip students with the skills necessary for writing college level compositions. The course emphasizes expository writing, critical reading, and research techniques. Students are required to produce a series of academic essays including a documented research paper in conventional format. Analysis of readings and the practice of writing processes create the bases for student essays. All English 001A students will take a Department Final which will be holistically scored by at least two faculty members and will represent 20% of their course grade.

This is a second semester college composition course, emphasizing expository and argumentative writing directed toward an analysis of ideas and concepts from a wide variety of literature; this includes discussion of fiction, drama, poetry, the essay, and other expository prose-- stressing critical reading in these genres. All English 001B students will take a Department Final which will be holistically scored by at least two faculty members and will represent 20% of their course grade.

This is an interdisciplinary course in which students examine the interaction between human societies and the environment. Students will study important physical and biological properties necessary for life on Earth. They will explore major issues that are bound to affect the future of humans on our planet including population growth, resource exploitation, pollution, climate change, and the loss of biodiversity. Students will also consider environmental policies and the prospects for a sustainable future. Field trips may be required. ENVIR-010 meets general education requirements for science with a lab and can be counted as either a life science or as a physical science course.

The content of this lab will facilitate skills development for high-intermediate ESL learners. It is designed to supplement classroom instruction by providing students the opportunity to work on an individualized basis with software and web-based material. Written work will also be assigned and critiqued by an instructor.

This course is designed for non-native speakers at a high-intermediate level of English proficiency. Course content prepares students to read and respond to college-level texts, demonstrating literal and critical comprehension, and to expand vocabulary for academic purposes.

Students will focus on the development of multi-paragraph essays that have a clearly stated thesis that controls the logical development of ideas and demonstrates a high level of fluency and accuracy in sentence grammar and word choice. Students will study readings that demonstrate the ways writers organize and express ideas in different genres and for a variety of rhetorical purposes. Reading materials will include articles, essays, and short literary works highlighting current issues and topics of interest across cultures. Concurrent enrollment in ESL 302L. This course is designed for non-native speakers of English two levels below English 1A.

Students will critically explore the phenomena of race and ethnicity in the history of the United States. Examining the socio-political realities of power, students analyze the processes by which racial stratification occur. Particular emphasis is placed on the socio-historical experiences of major, subordinate ethnic groups in America --African Americans, Latina/o Americans, Asian Americans, and Native Americans. Students critically analyze major theoretical approaches to understanding the circumstances that have shaped present race relations in America and various Ethnic Studies paradigms.

This course is a survey of the African American experience in the United States. Students will critically examine past, present and evolving socio-political, economic and cultural dynamics that help to contribute to African American culture.

This is an interdisciplinary survey course designed to study the four stages of cultural/historical development of Mexican and Chicana/o culture in Mexico and the U.S. Southwest. Specific areas of interest include an analysis of the culture concept and its application to the Chicana/o communities with an emphasis on self-determination and liberation. A cultural politics approach examines a wide range of expressive arts, such as: muralism, film, music, literature and folklore. The survey will include an analysis of race, gender and sexuality, migration and globalization.

This course provides students with a basic theoretical background to critically situate Vietnamese American lives within the contexts of racialization, white supremacy, and settler colonialism. It draws upon scholarly, literary, and artistic production across disciplines and by multiple agents, including Vietnamese Americans, to expose and interrogate the orchestration of war and militarism, coerced displacement, global capitalism, and racialization. It also explores questions of gender, sexuality, class, religion, generation, transnationalism, community-building, and social justice political activism that intersect with Vietnamese American lives and creative expression.

This introductory course examines the major physical, social and emotional, and cognitive/language developmental milestones for children, both typical and atypical, from conception through adolescence. There will be an emphasis on interactions between maturational processes and environmental factors. While studying developmental theory and investigative research methodologies, students will observe children, evaluate individual differences and analyze characteristics of development at various stages.

This is a historical survey course about women in the United States from Pre-Columbian to present times. The course will analyze the social, political, and economic aspects of women's lives. Also, the course will examine the interaction of race, class, ethnicity and gender.

This course surveys the political, economic, cultural, social, and intellectual development of the United States. The course emphasizes the interactions among Europeans, Africans, and American Indians in North America beginning with European colonization, through the creation of the U.S. Republic, its expansion west, and the developments leading up to the Civil War and Reconstruction.

This course surveys the political, economic, cultural, social and intellectual development of the United States from Reconstruction to the present. The course emphasizes the U.S. expansion to the Pacific, its rise as a superpower through WW I and WW II, and the Cold War. Students will examine the role of major ethnic, gender and social groups in U.S. history. Along with History 017A, it meets the requirement in United States History, Constitution and state and local government. History 001 may not be combined with either History 017A or History 017B to meet the graduation requirement in United States History, Constitution and American Ideals.

This course presents an historical overview of the Mexican-American experience in America beginning with Pre-Columbian history to the present. Emphasis will be on addressing the Indigenous contributions to the culture, Spanish conquest of Mesoamerica and colonization, exploitation of land, people and resources, colonial occupation of California, Southwest, and Southeast; Students will analyze the Americanization of Mexican immigrants and Mexican-Americans in the United States and compare with other cultural groups, and the tensions between Anglo-Americans and Mexican-Americans, and Mexican Americans and Mexican immigrants; There will be a focus on Mexican-American's American experience by examining their political, social, and economic conditions, and the fight for Civil Rights by examining the California and U.S. Constitutions.

This course introduces students to emergency first aid procedures, CPR, and AED. The course is designed to prepare students to make appropriate decisions regarding first aid care and how to provide care for injuries or sudden illness until professional medical help arrives. Upon completion of this course, students will be eligible to take the exam for certification in First Aid, CPR, and AED.

This course will explore the broad spectrum of Kinesiology and Physical Education as an academic discipline and the required preparation and training for occupations involved with human movement, education, biomechanics, philosophy, allied health, fitness, recreation, coaching, and wellness. This course is an in-depth overview of current issues in Kinesiology and Physical Education.

This course is designed to teach fitness walking. The student will learn fitness walking techniques, fitness walking exercise principles, and different fitness walking training programs. Students will participate in fitness walking throughout the semester and learn fitness walking measurement and evaluation techniques. This class is intended for walkers of any age, fitness level, and skill level.

This course is designed to prepare students for the level of algebra required in calculus. Topics will include basic algebraic concepts, complex numbers, equations and inequalities, graphs of functions, system of equations and inequalities, linear and quadratic functions, polynomial functions of higher degree, rational, exponential, and logarithmic functions, matrices and determinants. Students may not receive credit for both Math 021 and Math 025.

This course is an intensive combined course in college algebra and trigonometry designed primarily as preparation for calculus. Students will study basic algebraic concepts, complex numbers, equations and inequalities, graphs of functions, system of equations and inequalities, linear and quadratic functions, polynomial functions of higher degree, rational, exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric functions, inverse functions, basic identities, vectors, polar coordinates, analytic geometry, and mathematical induction. Students may take both MATH 021 and MATH 022 or take only MATH 025.

This course is an introduction to the study of statistics. Students will learn methods of collecting data, displaying data, descriptive statistics with emphasis on understanding variation, empirical probability, probability distributions, sampling distributions, confidence intervals and sample size, hypothesis testing, testing the difference between two independent population parameters, matched pairs analysis, one-way analysis of variance, chi-square tests, correlation and simple linear regression.

Exploring the World of Music

This course provides the opportunity for students with no previous musical experience, to develop an appreciation of the music of western cultures through the development of aural listening skills. The course focuses on the relationships between composers and the times in which they lived. Included in each unit of study is a discussion of the influence of government, philosophy, art, religion, and musical composition. Attendance at a live performance is required.

This course serves as an introduction to the study of Hollywood film music from the 1920's to the present day. The class will explore the relationship between film and music through original and adopted film scores. This course will explore both historic and technical aspects of film music.

This course represents the basics of music theory at the fundamental level. It also incorporates the following concepts: staff notation in treble and bass clefs, rhythm and meter; basic properties of sound; intervals; diatonic scales and triads; and diatonic chords. Development of skills in handwritten notation is expected.

This course will provide a foundation of essential concepts of disease processes for students to examine and apply in their allied health field. The three areas of focus will include fundamental concepts and processes in pathophysiology, the relationship of developmental stages to pathophysiology, and specific disorders organized by body systems.

This course is a study of the interaction between drugs and living systems and their connection to the nursing practice. The major pharmacological classifications will be presented and integrated with the concepts of physiological and psychological principles. Nursing responsibilities relative to the administration of specific medications will be emphasized including safety, comfort, communication, teaching, health promotion, restorative/rehabilitative measures and cultural diversity.

This course introduces philosophical ideas and methods concerning knowledge, reality, and values from diverse, world philosophical traditions. Expected topics will include the sources and limits of knowledge, and the nature of reality. Other topics that may be examined from a philosophical perspective include the nature of the self, truth, ethics, religion, science, language, beauty and art, political theory, and the mind.

This is an introductory course in informal fallacies and critical reasoning. The course will focus on the critical thinking strategies and skills, the elements of an argument, distinctions between deductive and inductive logic, and comparing the strength of arguments. Students will study causal relations and scientific, statistical, moral, and legal reasoning. The course will present techniques for analyzing arguments used in political rhetoric, advertisements, editorials, scientific claims, social media and social commentary. There is a strong emphasis on the written expression and the application of critical thinking in a series of presentations, compositions, or a term paper.

This course introduces students to black-and-white photography, with emphasis on both theory and practical application of pre-visualization and composition, exposing film, negative developing and darkroom printing. Students will learn fundamentals of design and composition and discuss how they relate to contemporary trends in photography. Students must provide their own 35 mm camera.

This course covers the role and importance of the ideal of democracy and the evolution of the American and Californian political system. America's and California's political institutions (executive, legislative and judicial) and political processes (voting, lobbying, attitudes) are examined against the backdrop of America's and California's cultural diversity and political history. This course is a study of national, state and local government and politics with emphasis on the United States Constitution and the national and Californian governments.

This behavioral science course is a basic introduction to the scientific study of the psychological, biological and environmental influences on behavior. It is a survey of traditional and contemporary theories and attitudes about perception, consciousness, learning, memory, thinking, human development, intelligence emotions, motivation, personality, stress/adaptation, abnormal behavior/ treatment, and the social world. It is designed to give insight into oneself and others.

This course is an introduction to the experimental and correlational methods used in psychological research. Students will learn to research the literature, design and perform experimental and non-experimental research, and write reports on the research findings. Students will perform statistical analyses on data collected from research conducted during lab sessions

Students are presented with a comprehensive approach to stress and stress reduction from a psychological perspective. A psychophysiological model of stress will be presented and analyzed. A variety of evidenced-based stress reduction methods will be taught in the contexts of student and work life settings.

This course examines the female experience from a global, historical, familial, cultural and psychological framework, and analyzes how women's lives are shaped by social and economic institutions, political movements, ethnicity, race and individual experiences. Psychological theories and current research will address concepts of development, gender-typing, sexism, motherhood, work, adaptation, well-being as well as other psychological questions of central concern to women.

This course is designed to provide an overview of biological approaches to understanding behavior. The course will cover the general organization of the neural and neuroendocrine systems and their influences in the control of behavior. Animal and human research findings, within the science of brain-behavior relationships, will be included. This course is designed to prepare students for more advanced courses in behavioral neuroscience, clinical psychology, and other health-related fields. It is a required course for psychology majors.

This course is a study of psychological processes through which people manage to cope with the demands and challenges of everyday life. A broad variety of topics are examined including personality patterns, stress, social and intimate relationships, adjustments to development through the lifespan, and psychological/physical wellness as they influence and are affected by adjustment. Effective and ineffective personal growth and adjustment is analyzed in the context of contemporary and complex society.

This course is an introduction to developmental psychology. Human development is traced from conception through death and dying. The biological, cognitive, psychological, social and cultural factors affecting development and the integration and interactions of these factors throughout the lifespan of human beings will be studied. The dynamic interrelationship of these factors to the uniqueness of, and differences between, individuals will also be considered. Development tasks and potential developmental crises in the contemporary multicultural society are identified for each age group.

Students will study the family, marriage and relationship from psychological, historical and intercultural perspectives. Topics to include gender socialization and inequality, personality development, dating, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer (LGBTQ) relationships, marriage, family violence, divorce, and remarriage, and how they relate to psychological well-being.

This course is designed to offer scientific information on human sexual functioning. It will include current research findings related to sexual behavior, social learning of sexual roles, anatomy and physiology of sexual response, social-cultural influence pertaining to sexual behavior, sexual adjustment and maladjustment. The course will also include topics covering sexual orientations and legal and political aspects of sexual behavior.

This course is a survey of the principles and basic concepts of sociology. It includes the analysis of American culture, social organization, group behavior, social stratification, racial and ethnic groups, and the dynamics of social change and other social processes.

Students will acquire vocabulary and grammar knowledge, in this first of two courses, to achieve novice-low to novice-mid proficiency moving towards the intermediate level in Spanish language skills including understanding, speaking, reading and writing Spanish. Students will develop an awareness of cultures of Latin America and Spain. This course is not recommended for native speakers of Spanish. This course corresponds to two years of high school study.

This is the second of two courses designed to achieve novice-mid to novice-high proficiency, to develop the basic abilities of understanding, speaking, reading and writing Spanish. Students will continue to develop an awareness of literature and cultures of Latin America and Spain.

This is an introductory course in film studies in which students view films and learn to understand the artistic disciplines of film making. Film content is examined in relationship to cinematography, editing, visual design, special effects, sound design, acting, directing, social and cultural contexts.

This is the first course in Vietnamese with emphasis on understanding, speaking, reading and writing. Essential components include pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar and syntax, cultural backgrounds and an introduction to Vietnamese literature and culture. This course corresponds to two years of high school Vietnamese language study.

This is the second course in Vietnamese with emphasis on understanding, speaking, reading and writing. Students further develop skills in oral and written communication in the Vietnamese language. Students will cover essential language components including spelling, pronunciation, intonation, vocabulary, grammar, syntax structure, as well as continue examination of Vietnamese literature and culture.